Test 4 Reading Passage 1：How Much Higher
ow Much Faster？
1.第1段第1行：
Since the early years of the twentieth century，when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records，there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run，how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects，themselves included，through space.
译文：自从20世纪初期国际田径联合会拥有记录以来，运动员的跑步速度、跳跃高度、投掷距离都在稳步提升。
单词与词组
record n.记录
improvement n.提升
hurl v.投掷
keep records做记录
be able to能够
语法
A.when引导定语从句，对the early years of the twentieth century进行补充说明。
B.介词in之后有三个宾语从句，分别是how fast athletes...，how high they...以及how far they...。
C.themselves included为插入语，作状语。
2.第2段第1行：
No one theory can explain improvements in performance，but the most important factor has been genetics.
译文：没有理论可以解释表现提升的原因，而最重要的因素是遗传。
单词与词组
genetics n.遗传学；遗传特征
语法
介词短语in performance作improvements的定语。
3.第3段第1行：
Identifying genetically talented individuals is only the first step.
译文：鉴别有遗传天赋的个人只是第一步。
语法
动名词短语identifying genetically talented individuals是本句的主语。
4.第9段第1行：
In the end，most people who examine human performance are humbled by the resourcefulness of athletes and the powers of the human body.
译文：最后，大部分参与调查人类表现的人员都被运动员的足智多谋和体力所折服。
单词与词组
examine v.调查
humble v.使谦恭
resourcefulness n.足智多谋
in the end最后
语法
A.who examine human performance是定语从句，修饰people。
B.are humbled by...为一般现在时的被动语态。
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