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雅思官方词汇速背精选(分类版)

物理

beam 英 [biːm] 美 [bim] n. 束,柱 v. 播送

ray; shine

beaming adj. 照耀的;愉快的 beamy adj. 光亮的

The idea was that a person acting as a ‘sender’ would attempt to beam the image over to the ‘receiver’ relaxing in the sealed room.

【C8,T1,R3】这个想法就是一个扮演“传输者”的人可以尝试着把图像传给在另外一个密封房间休息的“接受者”。

reflex 英 ['riːfleks] 美 ['riflɛks] n. 反应能力;反射作用

The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex: ‘unique in that it serves no apparent biological purpose’.

【C5,T2,R2】作家阿瑟·凯斯特勒把它命名为奢侈的反应:“它的独一无二在于它没有明显的生物学目的”。

flash 英 [flæʃ] 美 [flæʃ] v. 发出;闪光 n. 闪光

blink; flare; twinkle

Basically this is where you whistle and the key holder gives off a high pitched noise and flashes light so you can find it.

【C3, T4,L2】基本上,不管你在哪里吹一下口哨,钥匙扣就会发出尖锐的声音,并且闪光,这样你就能找到它了。

glimmer 英 ['glɪmə] 美 ['ɡlɪmɚ] n. 微弱的光 v. 发闪光,发微光

glitter; blink

A glimmer of amusement showed in her eyes.

她的眼中露出一丝笑意。

radiation 英 [reɪdɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n] 美 [,redɪ'eʃən] n. 辐射(能);放射

A second important area is monitoring the size of the hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica, since this is an indicator of global ultra-violet radiation levels.

【C5,T2,L4】另一个重要领域是检测南极洲上空的臭氧空洞的大小,因为这是衡量全球紫外线辐射水平的指标。

fume 英 [fjuːm] 美 [fjum] n. 烟雾,气味(常用复数-s)

smoke; vapour

Even Moscow has joined the list of capitals afflicted by congestion and traffic fumes.

【C2,T3,R2】甚至莫斯科也成了饱受交通堵塞和汽车尾气之苦的首都。

steam 英 [stiːm] 美 [stim] n. 蒸汽 v. 冒蒸汽

vapour; gas

steamboat n. 汽艇,汽船 steamer n. 汽船,大轮船

Cylindrical in shape, made of wood, and hanging from string, it was moved to and fro by steam blowing out from small exhaust ports at either end.

【C3,T1,R1】它是个用绳子悬挂的木质圆柱体,两端排气细孔冒出的蒸汽使其来回摆动。

foam 英 [fəʊm] 美 [fom] v. 起泡沫;吐白沫

bubble; froth; sparkle

But by Fosbury’s time, sawdust pits had replaced by soft foam cushions, ideal for flopping.

【C4,T4,R1】但到了福斯贝里时代,锯屑坑被理想的跳高落地器材软泡沫垫所取代。

distill 美 [dɪs'tɪl] v. 蒸馏;提取

purify

Distill the crucial points of the book.

从书中提炼出关键的几点。

evaporate 英 [ɪ'væpəreɪt] 美 [ɪ'væpəret] v. (使某物)蒸发掉

evaporation n. 蒸发;发散

It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature.

【C4,T1,L4】(树木)通过叶子向外蒸发水分,这就意味着叶子的温度和人类的体温相差不是太远。液体

liquid 英 ['lɪkwɪd] 美 ['lɪkwɪd] n. 液体

fluid

liquidity n. 流动性

As they do so, the pressure drops, and they expand and become liquid and rise more swiftly.

【C4,T3,R2】在此过程中,它们压力下降,体积膨胀,成为液体,且以更快的速度上升。

dilute 英 [daɪ'l(j)uːt; dɪ-] 美 [daɪ'l(j)ut] v. 稀释,冲淡

di (=apart,分开)+ lute(=wash,洗)→洗开→稀释, 冲淡

Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased.

海水被稀释以至于盐度降低。

extract 英 [ˈekstrækt] 美 ['ɛkstrækt] v. 提取

extraction n. 提取;取出

Poems are extracted from a modern collection.

这些诗篇是从一本当代诗集中摘选的。

volatile 英 ['vɒlətaɪl] 美 ['vɑlətl] adj. (液体或油)易挥发的;易变的

volatility n. 挥发性 volatilise v. 挥发

He embarked on research into phenolic resins, the group of sticky substances produced when phenol combines with an aldehyde (a volatile fluid similar to alcohol).

【C5,T2,R1】他开始研究酚醛树脂,即苯酚和乙醛(一种类似酒精的挥发性液体)结合时生成的黏性物质。

固体

smelt 英 [smelt] 美 [smɛlt] v. 熔炼;提炼(矿石)

smeltery n. 冶炼厂

That’s where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast, as you’ll be able to see.

【C4,T1,L2】正如你所见,那就是炉子所在的地方,金属在这里被提炼并被打造成工具。

dissolve 英 [dɪ'zɒlv] 美 [dɪ'zɑlv] v. (使)溶解

dissolvable adj. 可溶解的 dissoluble adj. 可溶解的,可解除的

Um, and basically you dissolve lots of rock salt into water and watch the crystals form, so it basically teaches the kids about growing crystals.

【C4,T4,L3】嗯,你主要把许多矿盐融化在水里,观看晶体的形成,所以这基本上是教孩子们怎样生成晶体。

soluble 英 ['sɒljʊb(ə)l] 美 ['sɑljəbl] adj. 可溶的, 易溶解的

insoluble; unsolvable

The result was a resin known as Novalak, which became soluble and malleable when heated.

【C5,T2,R1】生成物是在受热时可以溶解和延展的共聚酚醛树脂。

thermal 英 ['θɜːm(ə)l] 美 ['θɝml] adj. 热的,热量的

therm(热)+ al(形容词词尾)→热的,热量的

caloric

It is a kind of thermal insulation designed to prevent the loss of body heat.

这是一种为防止身体热量散失而设计的热绝缘材料。

congeal 英 [kən'dʒiːl] 美 [kən'dʒil] v. 使凝结,冻结

freeze

Gear lubricants may congeal in cold weather.

天气冷时齿轮润滑油可能凝结。

声音

ultrasonic 英 [ʌltrə'sɒnɪk] 美 [,ʌltrə'sɑnɪk] adj.(声波)超声的

ultra(超越)+son(声音)+ ic(词根)→超越声音的→超声波的

supersonic

ultrasonics n. 超声波学

Rats produce ultrasonic squeaks to prevent their scuffles turning nasty.

【C5,T2,R2】老鼠发出吱吱的超声波,以防止它们的混战过于激烈。

resonance 英 ['rez(ə)nəns] 美 ['rɛznəns] n. 回响;洪亮;共鸣

re(回来)+ son(声音)+ ance(名词词尾)→返回来的声音→共鸣

Psychologist Vinod Goel investigated humour using the new technique of ‘single event’ functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI).

【C5,T2,R2】心理学家芬诺德·高尔利用新技术“单次事件”功能性磁共振成像(FMRI)来研究幽默。

其他

blast 英 [blɑːst] 美 [blæst] n./v. 爆炸

blowout; burst; explosion

In 1815, a sudden blast removed the top 1,280 metres of Mount Tambora in Indonesia.

【C4,T3,R2】1815年印度尼西亚的坦博拉火山突然爆发,把1 280米的山顶都掀掉了。

explode 英 [ɪk'spləʊd; ek-] 美 [ɪk'splod] v. (使)爆炸

blast; burst; erupt

explosive n. 爆炸物 adj. 爆炸的

The gases trapped inside the boiling rock expand suddenly, the lava glows with heat, it begins to froth, and it explodes with tremendous force.

【C4,T3,R2】困在炙热岩石里的气体突然膨胀起来,熔岩热得发亮,它开始起泡沫,然后以巨大的力量爆炸了。

burst 英 [bɜːst] 美 [bɝst] v. (使)爆炸

In Glass and Singer study, in which subjects were exposed to bursts of noise as they work on a task, some subjects heard loud bursts and other heard soft bursts.

【C7,T4,R3】在格拉斯和辛格的研究中,实验对象在专心完成一项任务时被暴露于突发的噪音中,有些人听到了巨大的声音,然而有些人听到了柔和的声音。

gravity 英 ['grævɪtɪ] 美 ['ɡrævəti] n. 万有引力;重力

A small iron weight was attached to the 1.5m bamboo shaft, just below the feathers, to increase the arrow’s stability by moving the centre of gravity to a position below the rocket.

【C3,T1,R1】将小铁块附在1.5米长的竹制箭杆的羽毛下,便可将重心移至火箭下面,从而提高箭身的稳定性。

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